Sanitize & Products

Is it clean? This is the question most of us are asking ourselves on the few occasions we now leave the house (gloved and face masked), and about anything we bring home.

With cases of COVID-19 circulating since the beginning of March and continually rising, we’re all battling an invisible enemy.

The advice we keep hearing from the CDC and other health officials is to practice social distancing and stay home as much as possible, keep at least 6 feet away from others, use a cloth face cover and wash hands frequently. But maybe that doesn’t seem like quite enough.

Samara Geller, a senior research and database analyst who manages the healthy cleaners database for Environmental Working Group, offers a few extra pointers.

When it comes to knowing how to disinfect, not all surfaces are created equal. The granite countertop in your kitchen, for instance, is much easier to subject to thorough sanitizing than that box of cereal on the shelf at the grocery store or the handle of the pump at the gas station.

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How to Sanitize Your Hands

“For most surfaces you encounter on the go, it may be more practical to employ thorough hand sanitizing and hand washing strategies than to effectively sanitize or disinfect nonporous surfaces with antimicrobial cleaning wipes or travel-size sprays,” Geller says. “This is because sanitizers and disinfectants are only fully effective when used in a manner consistent with their labeling. This may be easier said than done.”

So, glove up, do your shopping, pump your gas and keep your hands strictly away from your face while you do it. “If you’re worried about the transfer of germs from frequently touched surfaces to your face, and if you can’t wait until you arrive home or get to a public restroom to wash your hands with soap and water, hand sanitizer works in a pinch,” says Geller.

Thoroughly wet and rub your hands with a hand sanitizer that contains a minimum of 60 percent ethyl alcohol, also known as ethanol, and let them air dry. If you’re out and about, sanitize before getting into your car and touching the steering wheel.

The gold standard, which you can employ when you get home, is to wash your hands (for at least 20 seconds or two “Happy Birthday” choruses). Those groceries, by the way, don’t need to be sanitized as long as you’re washing your hands. The U.S. Food & Drug Administration’s guidelines on food safety and COVID-19 state that food packaging is considered a low-risk source of transmission.

how to sanitize 

How to Sanitize Surfaces

In your home, focus on sanitizing surfaces you come in frequent contact with, including doorknobs, handrails, faucets and light switches. When you are ready to tackle those (and that countertop), do it right. “Selecting the right product and observing the adequate level of surface saturation and contact time with the surface, are critical — and often overlooked — steps to achieving proper effectiveness,” Geller says.

EWG has you covered on the “right product” score, as it recently published a list of 16 safe and effective products to guard against coronavirus. These are all U.S. Environmental Protection Agency-registered disinfectants that have research to back up their pathogen-killing claims. Geller advises looking for an EPA registration number on cleaning products you purchase. Active ingredients that are preferred include hydrogen peroxide, ethyl alcohol (ethanol), citric acid, L-lactic acid, caprylic acid (octanoic acid) and thymol.

How to Disinfect Surfaces

While sanitizing reduces the amount of germs on a surface, disinfecting kills them.

When you’re ready to disinfect a surface, first thoroughly read the label on your disinfectant. Make sure the product is safe to use on the surface you have in mind, and wear gloves if that’s indicated. Open windows or doors so there is good ventilation in the area where you’re working.

First, clean the surface with soap and water to remove visible dirt or grease. Next, spray or sponge on the disinfectant so that the surface is thoroughly wet, and make sure it stays visibly wet for the length of time indicated on the product label’s directions for use before you rinse or wipe the area dry. This could mean anywhere from 30 seconds to 10 minutes, depending on the product. It could take multiple sprays or wipe-downs to keep the surface wet long enough.

If your product of choice is a disinfecting wipe, do not be tempted to re-use it. Geller says this could be dangerous. To keep your wipes as effective as possible, be sure to reseal the package after each use, and store the wipes in a cool place out of direct sunlight.

Note that wipes are considered a safe way to sanitize your smartphone – which might just be the most frequently touched surface in your world. Apple says on its website that you can use disinfecting wipes on its phones. Other companies recommend spraying a nonabrasive, alcohol-based (at least 70% isopropyl alcohol, and never straight rubbing alchohol) cleaner on a microfiber cloth to clean your phone.

With the right disinfecting products and techniques, you can make sure that while you’re safer at home, your home is clean and safe.

PRODUCTS

Clorox Commercial Solutions Disinfecting Bio Stain & Odor Remover*

Clorox Pet Solutions Advanced Disinfecting Stain & Odor Remover*

Lysol Hydrogen Peroxide Action Multi-Purpose Cleaner, Oxygen Splash

Lysol Hydrogen Peroxide Bathroom Cleaner, Cool Spring Breeze

Lysol Hydrogen Peroxide Multi-Purpose Cleaner, Citrus Sparkle Zest

Lysol Hydrogen Peroxide Multi-Purpose Cleaning Wipes, Oxygen Splash

Lysol Power Bathroom Cleaner, Island Breeze

Purell Multi Surface Disinfectant, Fragrance Free

Seventh Generation Disinfectant Spray, Eucalyptus, Spearmint & Thyme

Seventh Generation Disinfectant Spray, Fresh Citrus & Thyme

Seventh Generation Disinfectant Spray, Lavender Vanilla & Thyme

Seventh Generation Disinfecting Bathroom Cleaner, Lemongrass Citrus Scent

Seventh Generation Disinfecting Multi-Surface Cleaner, Lemongrass Citrus Scent

Seventh Generation Disinfecting Wipes, Lemongrass Citrus Scent

Windex Multi Surface Disinfectant Cleaner

Windex Multi Surface Disinfectant Cleaner, Glade Rainshower

Can’t Find These Products? What To Do Instead

Look on the label of EPA-registered products for these safer active ingredients, which are lower in toxicity compared to others.

Hydrogen peroxide

Ethyl alcohol (ethanol)

Citric acid

L-lactic acid

Caprylic acid (octanoic acid)

Thymol

If products with these active ingredients are unavailable, try:

Three percent household-strength hydrogen peroxide. Never mix hydrogen peroxide with vinegar, because the combination forms caustic peracetic acid.

For dishware, use the sanitize setting on your automatic dishwasher.

Avoid These Active Ingredients

Sodium hypochlorite, which is linked to harm to the skin and respiratory system and the environment. When improperly mixed with other cleaners or acids, sodium hypochlorite can be fatally poisonous. Sodium hypochlorite is also found in chlorine bleach.

Quaternary ammonium compounds, also known as quats, which are linked to asthma and suspected of causing reproductive toxicity and birth defects in humans. Quats also persist in the environment.

Important Tips

Read labels thoroughly, including all directions and warnings.

Wear gloves and other personal protective equipment as directed.

Ventilate the area while cleaning.

Never mix cleaning products or disinfectants together.

Clean visibly dirty or greasy areas with soap and water before applying any disinfectant or sanitizer.

Focus on surfaces you come in frequent contact with, like doorknobs, handrails, faucets and light switches.

Don’t apply more or less of the product than directed.

Leave the product in contact with the surface as directed before rinsing or wiping dry.

Methodology

We screened the hundreds of products recommended by the EPA and the CDC for expected effectiveness at killing the virus. Based on the CDC’s interim recommendation that “most common EPA-registered household disinfectants should be effective” for disinfection, and on the data on harder-to-kill viruses (the basis for the EPA’s emerging viral pathogen guidance), we expanded our screening to include company lists of EPA-registered, antimicrobial cleaners.

Then, using our Guide to Healthy Cleaning as a tool, we assessed a subset of these products for ingredients that may affect human or environmental health.

We came up with a list of 16 products the guide rates A or B that are either 1) listed as complying with the EPA’s emerging viral pathogen guidance (with demonstrated efficacy against viruses harder to kill than SARS-CoV-2) or having an approved claim of being effective against the human coronavirus, or 2) have an approved claim against one or more harder to kill, non-enveloped viruses, like rhinovirus or norovirus, found listed on the package and/or company website. The envelope refers to the structure of the virus. Enveloped viruses, like SARS-CoV-2, are easiest to kill.

Please consult your doctor if you are experiencing symptoms of COVID-19. This material is for general informational purposes only and is not intended as a substitute for professional medical advice.